During dormancy, what can an embryo inside a seed do to survive extreme conditions?

The ability of a seed embryo to survive extreme conditions during dormancy is characterized by a state of waiting and conserving energy rather than active growth or functioning. During this dormancy phase, the embryo remains inactive and utilizes minimal resources, effectively waiting for favorable conditions to arise, such as moisture and suitable temperatures.

The correct choice highlights that, while the embryo itself does not physically travel, seeds can be dispersed over long distances by various natural mechanisms, such as wind, water, or animals. This dispersal is crucial for the survival of the species, allowing seedlings to emerge in new environments that may be more conducive to growth.

In contrast, options like growth or photosynthesis are activities that require energy and active metabolic processes, which do not occur during dormancy. The production of more seeds is a reproductive action that typically happens after a plant has successfully germinated and established itself rather than during the dormant phase of an existing seed. Therefore, while other activities are important to the life cycle of plants, they do not accurately describe what a seed embryo does during dormancy to ensure survival.