What is germination?

Germination refers specifically to the process by which a seed develops into a new plant. This involves the seed absorbing water, swelling, and breaking open, allowing the embryonic plant to emerge. During germination, environmental conditions such as water, temperature, and oxygen levels play a crucial role, as they provide the necessary conditions for the seed to transition from a dormant state to active growth.

The correct answer illustrates the beginning of a plant's life cycle, showcasing how a seemingly inert seed can come to life under the right circumstances. Understanding this biological process is vital in plant science, as it is the foundation for all plant growth and cultivation.