What is the purpose of stomata in a leaf?

Stomata are tiny openings located on the surface of leaves, primarily in the epidermis. Their main purpose is to allow gas exchange between the internal tissues of the leaf and the external environment. Through these openings, carbon dioxide enters the leaf, which is essential for photosynthesis, while oxygen, a byproduct of this process, exits. Stomata also play a role in transpiration, where water vapor is released into the atmosphere. This gas exchange is crucial for the plant's overall health and its ability to perform photosynthesis effectively.

While stomata influence processes related to water absorption and nutrient transport indirectly, their primary function remains centered on gas exchange, making this the most accurate answer.