Why do plants disperse their seeds?

Plants disperse their seeds to reduce competition for resources, which is an essential survival strategy. When seeds are spread over a larger area rather than concentrated in one location, the chance of them successfully germinating and establishing as new plants increases. This is because resources such as sunlight, water, and nutrients can be limited in one area. By dispersing seeds, plants give their offspring a better chance to thrive without competing directly with each other for these necessary resources.

In addition, seedlings that are established in various locations might have access to different micro-environments—some may be more favorable than others for growth. This strategy enhances the survival potential of the species as a whole, allowing it to occupy a wider range of habitats and adapt to changes in the environment over time.